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Physics
Levers

First-class lever Second-class lever
A pivot is between the A load is between the
point of application of point of application of
B F B
effort and the load. effort and the pivot.
O
F
A A O
textbooks nis edu kz
P P

Inclined plane

The ratio between a force holding an object on an inclined
plane and the gravity force of that object is the same as the
length inverse ratio of the length of the inclined plane and its height.

force load height load = length of inclined plane
force applied height of inclined plane

Movable and immovable pulleys

Immovable pulley Movable pulley
No gain in force, only No change in direction of
change in direction of force applied but twice
force applied, i.e. force the gain in force, i.e. the
applied equals load. force applied is 2 times
less than the load.

Wheel and axle

Two concentric wheels rotating around the same axis. The
pivot
force greater the radius of the bigger wheel, the less the force applied.
load radius of big wheel
force =
force applied radius of small wheel
load
load

Wedge and screw

Wedge Screw
Consists of two Inclined plane wrapped
inclined planes, around a cylinder many
the bases of which times.
coincide.

INV Determine the efficiency of an inclined plane using a dynamometer and a load.

ACT Design a poster on the use of simple machines in our daily lives, particularly at home and at school.
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